rdk;rcodk@ay;pmrsm; tykdif;(9)/
atmif'if
(rdk;rca&'D,kd azaz:0g&Dv (22)&uf we*FaEGae@ tpDtpOfwGif xkwfv$ifhonfhay;pm?)
“odk@/ &Jabmfwl;Ekdif ”
ae@pGJ/ azaz:0g&Dv 14/ 2004? 0g&Sifwef'DpD
(1)
orD;av;a&/
ouU&mZf 2000ckESpf&J@ aqmif;vwv/ ESif;awGwzGJzGJusaewJh nwnrSm azaz[m rJaqmufvdk@ac:wJh xkdkif;EdkifiH e,fpyfwae&mu +rdK@av;w+rdK@udk a&mufaecJhw,f? jrefrmppftkyfpkudk qef@usifawmfvSefae=uwJh twkduftcH'Drkdua&pDtiftm;pkawG/ jynfwGif;pD;yGm;ysufuyf}uD;uaexGufajy;vm=u+yD;/ ydkaumif;wJh b0awGudk wnfaqmufr,fqkdwJh tdyfrufawGeJ@ xkdif;vkyfief;&SifawG&J@vufxJrSm b0ysufa=urGae&wJh jrefrmtvkyform;awG/ ppfajy;'kuQonfawG pwJh jrefrmvlrsdK;awG trsm;qHk;pka0;wnf&Sd&me,fpyf+rdK@uav; aygh? rJaqmuf+rdK@eJ@jrefrmEdkifiHjr0wD+rdK@ukd jrpfudkjzwf+yD;wnfaqmufxm;wJhwHwm;}uD;wpif;eJ@ [kdbuf/ 'Dbuf bufESpfzufu vufeufudkifppfom;awGu ydkif;jcm;xm;av&J@?
c&D;a0; wckuaea&muf&Sdvm&vdk@yifyef;EGrf;e,f+yD; azazzsm;emaewJhtcsdefayghuG,f/ rJaqmuf+rdK@pGef/ tuGmta0;ajy;vrf;r}uD;teD;u ao;I,fusOf;ajrmif;wJh tdrfuav;wpfvHk;xJrSm &Jabmf&JbufawG&J@ apmifha&SmufulnDr_eJ@ udk,fhudkukd,f jyefvnfwnfaqmufae&csdefaygh?
tJh'DtcsdefrSmyJ/ ABSDF vdk@ ac:wJh ausmif;om;wyfrawmfu &Jabmfuav;wOD;u owif;pum;wckudk o,faqmif+yD;a&muf&Sdvmw,f? rJaqmuf+rdK@aq;&HkrSm ausmif;om;wyfrawmf&Jabmfav;ESpfa,muf/ wa,mufu rdkif;xdvdk@/ wa,mufuawmh iSufzsm;a&m*g tjyif;txefeJ@ a&muf&Sdae=uw,f h h hwJh? azazwdk@ tm;vHk;pdwfraumif;jzpfrd=uw,f?
(2)
orD;av;a&
1988/=o*kwfv/ jrefrmvlxk&J@ 'Drkdua&pDa&;v_yf&Sm;r_}uD;udk ppfwyfu t=urf;zuf+zdKcJG+yD;wJhaemuf rsdK;cspfausmif;om;jynfolaxmifaygif;rsm;pGm[m/ e,fpyfa'oudk pka0;a&muf&Sdvm=uw,f? jynfwGif;rSm r+yD;jywfcJhwJh'Drkdua&pDta&;awmfyHkudk yHkpHwrsdK;eJ@ qufvufqifEJ$zdk@aygh? 'DvkdeJ@ta0;a&muf ausmif;om;awG pkpnf;+yD; jrefrmEkdifiHvHk;qkdif&m ausmif;om;rsm;'Drkdua&ufwpfwyfOD; vkd@ac:wJh ausmif;om;wyfrawmfudk zJG@pnf;wnfaxmifcJh=uw,f? urBmay:rSm wpfckwnf;aom ausmif;om;wyfrawmfaygh? umvwkdwkd twGif;rSkmyJ ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm ppftm%m&Sifpepfudk qef@usifawmfvSefae=uwJh wkdif;&if;om; vlrsdK;pk awmfvSefa&; tzJG@rsm;&J@ pdwfcstm;udk;&wJh r[mrdwftiftm;pk wckjzpfvmcJhw,f?
ausmif;om;wyfrawmfvdk@qkdwJhtwkdif;ygyJ orD;&,f? ausmif;om;awGeJ@zJG@pnf;xm;wmyg? wuUodkvf ausmif;om;awG/ tajccHynmausmif;om;awG/ rdbawG&J@ tkyfxdef;apmifha&Smufr_atmufrSm vHKk+cHK cJh=uwJh/ ausmif;om;av;awGeJ@ zJG@pnf;cJhwmyg? cJwH/ azmifwdefudkifaeus vufuav;awGu at;pufav;vHwJh aoewf}uD;awGudkifpGJvkd@/ vG,ftdyfvG,faeus ykcHk;awGu usnfqH/ &duQmtjynfheJ@ ausmydk; tdyfudk vG,fvdk@/ cspfolzwfzkd@ uAsmpyfcJhwJhESvHk;om;awGu w0D0DysHoef;aewJh usnfqHawG=um;xJrSm wzsufzsufv_yfcgvdk@/ &dk;rawmeufeuf/ aomif;&if;jrpfa&'D=urf;=urf;/ cwfxef&ufpufwJh toufvkyJGawG/ tqdyftawmuf jyif;wJh iSufzsm;a&m*gqkd;awGeJ@ jzwfoef;&if;olwkd@b0awG =urf;wrf;wif;rmcJh&w,f?
(3)
orD;ava&
azazholi,fcsif;awG rJaqmufaq;&HkqDxGufoGm;=uw,f? &Ekdifor# pm;p&muav;awGxkwfykd;+yD; aq;&Hkay: u &Jabmfuav;ESpfa,mufudktm;ay;ulnDzkd@aygh? azazuawmh vkdufroGm;Ekdifygbl;orD;&,f? zsm;emr_u zdpD;+yD; rl;a0tm;enf;aeqJ? pdwfuoGm;csifayr,fh cE
orD;av;&,f
aemufwae@reufrSmawmh owif;qkd;wcku rac:ryifhyJ a&muf&Sdvmw,f? tJh'DiSufzsm;rdaewJh &Jabmfav; “wl;Edkif” nuyJuG,fvGefoGm;owJh? ausmif;om;vli,fav;wa,muf&J@ tem*wftdyfruf/ &kwfw&uf +ydKysufoGm;jyefygaygh?
&Jabmfwl;Ekdif[m jrefrmEkdifiHtv,fykdif;/ +rdK@uav;w+rdK@rSm &Spfwef;ausmif;om;uav;jzpfcJhwmaygh? 1988 'Drkdua&pDta&;awmfyHk}uD;rSm olvnf; ol@+rdK@uav;&J@ oydwfpcef;rSmwwyfwtm; yg0ifcJhwmaygh? trsm;eJ@ twlaºu;a=umfatmf[pfcJhwJh 'Drkdua&pDeJ@ vl@tcGifhta&;qkdwmudk olaoaocsmcsm em;vnfcsifrS em;vnfvdrfhr,f? 'gayr,fh ppftkyfpk&J@&ufpuf=urf;=uKwfr_eJ@ tjypfrJhjynfolawGudk tEkdifusifh owfjzwfr_ udkawmh oltaotcsmodw,f? 1988/ pufwifbmv/ olwkd@+rdK@uav;&J@ oydwfpcef;uk ppfwyfu t=urf;zuf0ifa&mufpD;ESif;awmh towfcHcJh&wJh ausmif;om;jynfolwpf&mausmfxJ oltukd}uD;ygcJhwmudk;/ 'DvdkeJ@ +rdK@uausmif;om;awG e,fpyfa'oudk wdrf;a&Smifvmawmh olvnf;vkdufygvmcJhw,f? ausmif;om; wyfrawmfzJG@awmh ol[m wyfom;wpfa,mufjzpfvmcJhw,f?
av;ESpfavmufrSm ol@udk odyfi,fvGef;vkd@ aoewfudkifcGifhray;cJhbl;? wkdufyJGawGxJvdkufcGifhr&cJhbl;? XmecsKyf&Hk;tzJG@rSmyJ uif;apmifh/ &duQm&SmazGa&;wm0ef/ pwJhayghyg;wJh wm0efawGomxrf;aqmifapcJhw,f? aemufydkif;rSyJ olwkd@vufeufukdifcGifh/ ppfa=umif;vdkufcGifhjyKcJhw,f? tJh'Dawmhvnf; r[mrdwfppfa=umif;awG eJ@ twlvSnfhvnfoGm;vm&if wcgw&HrSm wkdufyJGawGqifE$J&/ wcgw&HrSm tzdESdyfcHwkdif;&if;om;jynfolawG&J@ b0udk wwyfwtm;ulnD/ 'DvkdeJ@ olb0udk aysmfar$@cJhw,f? acgif;aqmifjzpfzkd@ olr}udK;pm;cJhbl;? aemufwef;rSm yJae&zkd@ olrawmif;qkdcJhbl;? ckawmhvnf; omrmef&Jabmfuav;b0eJ@ olusqHk;cJh&+yD?
(4)
orD;av;a&
'Drkdua&pD/ vl@tcGifhta&;eJ@ vl@*k%fouQmtwGuf qifEJ$wJh 'Dta&;awmfyHk}uD;rSm ausmif;om;jynfol axmifaygif;rsm;pGm usqHk;cJh=u&w,f/ usqHk;ae=uOD;r,f? awmxJawmifxJrSm wkdufyJGawGxJrSm ppftkyfpk&J@ ppfa=uma&;pcef;awGxJrSm tusOf;axmifawGxJrSm +rdK@jyvrf;ray:u qENjyyJGawGrSm azazwkd@&J@ tmZmenfawG/ azazwkd@&J@ tn=wol&Jaumif;awG usqHk;aeqJ? urBm}uD;wckvHk;u xif&Sm;wJhacgif;aqmif awGudk qkwHqdyfawG/ bJG@xl;awGeJ@ *k%fjyK=u csD;jr‡ifh=ucsdefrSm &Jabmfwl;Ekdifvkd tn=wol&Jaumif;awGuawmh wkd;wkd;wdwfwdwf/ b0wHcg;ydwfcJh=u&w,f?
1991ckESpf/ azazo&ufaxmifrSm tusOf;uswHk;u tkdufukdqkdwJhausmif;om;uav;wa,mufeJ@ &if;ESD;cJh &bl;w,f? &efukefvkyfom;aumvdyfausmif;om;or*~u tkvyfwbufeJ@ wuUokdvfynmoif=um; ae&olaygh? t&yfykyk yswfyswf/ cEukd[m 1995ckESpf/ o&uftusOf;axmifxJrSmyJ a&m*ga0'em tjyif;txefcHpm;&if;/ xda&mufwJh aq;0g;ukocGifhr&bJ uG,fvGefoGm;&Smw,f?
aumif;uifudk armh=unfhvkdufprf;orD;&,f? pl;pl;&S&SawmufyaewJh aom=um=u,f}uD;ukd vlawGtm;vHk; od=u &if;ESD;=uw,f? ab;ywf0ef;usifrSm r_HrH_r$m;r$m;wnf&Sdae=uwJh =u,fuav;awG&J@ trnfudkawmh vlawGod=urSm r[kwfbl;? tJh'=u,fuav;awGrSm emrnf&SdcsifawmifrS &Sdvdrfhr,f? 'gayr,fh orD;&,f tJh'Dvkd r_Hr_Hr$m;r$m;=u,fuav;awG&J@ 0dkif;&HjznfhpGufay;r_a=umifh aom=um=u,f}uD;u ykd+yD;vSy/ ykd+yD; 0if;vufawmufyaewmuG,fh &Jabmfwl;Ekdifvkd/ &Jabmftkdufudkvkd tn=wol&Jaumif;awG&J@yg0ifr_a=umifh azazwkd@&J@ 'Drkdua&pDta&;awmfyHk}uD; tm;aumif;armif;oefwnf&SdcJh/ wnf&SdaeqJ/ 'Dtn=w ol&Jaumif; awGa=umifhyJ wkd@ ta&;awmfyHk}uD; ajzmifhajzmifhrwfrwfcsDwufEkdifcJhw,f? tn=wawGudk,fwdkif jzpfwJhazazwkd@u 'Dtn=w ol&Jaumif;awGukd tav;jyK&r,f? *k%fjyK&r,f h h h orD;&J@?
(5)
aumif;uifudk rD;ckd;vHk;awGtvdyfvdkuf/ tvdyfvkdufvGifhwufvmw,f? tJh'DrD;ckd;vHk;awGu rJaqmuf+rdK@ okomefuae vGefwufvmwmyg? &Jabmfwl;Ekdifudk rD;o+*dKvfvkduf=u+yD/ tJh'DrD;ckd;vHk;awGeJ@twl &Jabmf wl;Ekdif[m azazwkd@tm;vHk;udk/ olcspfolcifolawGtm;vHk;udk/ E_wfrqwf/ vufrjy/ xm0&cJGcGmoGm;cJh+yD?
orD;av;a&/ tJh'FDn 2000ckESpf/ Edk0ifbm 26&ufae@nrSm uAsmwyk'fa&;jzpfw,f? uAsm acgif;pOfu “okd@ &Jabmfwl;Ekdif h h h”wJh/ em;axmif=unfhprf;uG,f
“odk@/ &Jabmfwl;Ekdif”
rD;ckdawGwvlvlvdyfwuf
rif;uawmhxGufcGmoGm;cJh+yD
E_wfrquf/ vufrjy
'gayr,fh h h h xm0&?
rar#mfvifhcJhygbl;?
tcl;qGwfcHyef;wpfyGifhvdk
+ydKuGJa=urG
olpdrf;awG&J@ ajrrSm jymus&vdrfhr,f h h hvkd@ h h?
&Jabmfa&
oGm;ESifhayOD;awmh
trSefw&m[m t+rJwrf;aemufuswufw,f h h wJh
wkd@uawmhapmifhwHk;
tdyfruf&J@ESif;qDawmifukef;}uD;rSm
rkd;pkef;pkef;csKyfwJhtxd h h h?
[kd; h h h ta0;
a'geawmifwef;}uD;awGu
rif;udkowd&ae=ur,f
awmfvSefa&;&J@ r+yD;qHk;ao;wJh oDcsif;awGudk
rif;&J@ aemufqHk;touf&SLoHeJ@zGJ@pyfvkd@
&yfwef@em;aejcif;r&SdwJh aomif;&if;jrpfvkd
wkd@ h h qufvufpD;qif;=ur,f h h h?
'gayr,fhvnf;
ESpfopful;yJGawmfnawG[m
b,fawmhrSjynfhpHkvSyrSm r[kwfawmh h h h? ?
+idrf;csrf;ygap?
atmif'if
